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CRC PUBLICATIONS |
A Review of Catchment Scale Hydrologic Modelling Approaches
Chandrika Jayatilaka
Luke Connell
Publication Type:
Technical Report
This is a publication of the initial CRC for Catchment Hydrology
CRC Program:
Salinity (Previous CRC)
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Publication Keywords:
Modelling (Hydrological)
Modelling (-General-)
Modeling (-Specific Names-II)
Reviews
Catchment Areas
Land Use
Hydrology
Rainfall/Runoff Relationship
Salinity
Calibration
Water Quality (Natural Waters)
Topography
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Abstract / Summary:
A Review of Catchment Scale Hydrologic Modelling Approaches - A Report as part of Project A1: Runoff and Solute Processes in High Water Table Areas; Measurement, Modelling and Management
Catchment scale hydrologic models are generally based on two alternative modelling approaches. One methodology is the physically-based, distributed approach. With this, in general, each process impacting catchment hydrologic behaviour is described using the principles of physics. In contrast, lumped-conceptual models are based on simplifications introduced through a conceptualisation of the physical process.
This document reviews a number of models based on the two main approaches, and looks at their internal organisation with the aim of identifying their advantages and limitations with respect to application at the catchment scale for the problem of predicting catchment responses to change. In particular, the widely-known physically-based models, such as SHE, TOPOG and IHDM, are considered in detail. It is noted that lumped-conceptual catchment models have been useful for applications in areas such as water resource planning and management, and flood forecasting, but, as yet, lack a clear framework for applications in catchments undergoing natural and man-made changes. The physically-based, distributed catchment models are better suited to predicting the effects of land use change on catchment hydrology. However, the general application of these models at the catchment scale is compromised by their substantial data requirements, complexity and a number of other limitations.
The identified deficiencies of the lumped-conceptual models and the constraints associated with the detailed physically-based models point to the need for a pragmatic catchment modelling approach. An intermediate approach that allows for an appropriate combination of the characteristics of the two alternative approaches could provide the basis for formulating catchment models with greater potential for field application. A concept which could have implications for the development of such an approach is suggested in this study. Several models that have utilised intermediate approaches, and useful practical aspects of the models reviewed are also highlighted.
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Centre Office:
CRC for Catchment Hydrology
Dept of Civil Engineering
Building 60
Monash University Vic 3800
Tel: +61 3 9905 2704
Fax: +61 3 9905 5033
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